Proximate Analyses
These Association of Official Analytical Chemists, International (AOAC), and peer-reviewed Journal of the AOAC, Int., and other research procedures are specifically designed for the analysis of feeds, plant tissue, cereals, raw and processed foods, solutions, media, and waste products where sample amounts are suitable for each test requested.
The etymology of 'proximate' is the Latin word proximatus, meaning 'to come near' or 'close'. Hence, many of the proximate analyses are prefaced by the word 'crude', i.e., crude protein and crude fat, which also indicates that the several of the methods are indirect. An example of this is the measurement of a samples total nitrogen content (i.e., N2) which is then converted to a crude protein value.
A full range of proximate analyses and related fiber and protein procedures are listed below. Please visit the other navigation sites for further carbohydrate, lipid and mineral offerings.
Feeds, Grains and Foods
- Proximate Analyses Package
- Crude Protein (LECO), Crude Fat, Moisture, Ash, and Crude Fiber
- Crude Protein (Kjeldahl), Crude Fat, Moisture, Ash, and Crude Fiber
- Crude Protein or Total Nitrogen
- Combustion Analysis (LECO)
- Kjeldahl
- Ash Determination
- Crude Fat
- by Ether Extraction or Hexane
- by Acid Hydrolysis
- by Folch (chloroform:methanol)
- Crude Fiber
- Moisture
- Nitrogen Free Extract *
- Carbohydrates, by difference *
- Gross Calories (protein, fat, carbohydrate), calculation *
*methods require proximate analysis
Crude Fiber and Components
- Crude Fiber (CF)
- Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF)
- Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF)
- Cellulose (Cel)
- Hemicellulose calculation requires NDF and ADF
- Lignin
- Total Dietary Fiber (TDF)
Protein Analyses - Miscellaneous
- Pepsin Digestibility of Feeds and Foods
- Protein Dispersibility Index (PDI)
- Nitrogen Solubility Index (NSI)
- Protein Solubility from Soybean Meal (KOH method)